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Napsaterm.doc
Copyright © 1993 AmiTCP/IP Group, <amitcp-group@hut.fi>,
Helsinki University of Technology, Finland.
All rights reserved.
Author: Pekka Pessi, <Pekka.Pessi@hut.fi>
Napsaterm is based on Niftyterm terminal emulator by Christopher
Newman and Todd Williamson.
$Id: napsaterm.doc,v 1.5 1993/11/03 21:23:05 ppessi Exp $
What Is Napsaterm
At first Napsaterm was a version of Niftyterm 1.2 with some support
for international keyboards layouts and character sets. It is
called Napsaterm because original authors wanted to keep distinction
clear between it and their versions of Niftyterm.
Napsaterm supports some obscure ISO 646 national character sets. The
ISO 8857-Latin-1 character set is also supported. The multinational
support is not really finished, eg. the font files are not complete.
Most national support functions are located in files national.[hc].
The AmiTCP/IP BSD socket interface was added to Napsaterm after the
porting of real rlogin program seemed to take too much effort and
time. The rlogin protocol is a very simple, however the interactive
IO with AmigaDOS is far too ineffective. Fortunately Niftyterm IO
implementation was extremely flexible and it was easy to add new IO
methods.
This file was written in the documentation-is-just-like-a-sex
spirit. Even when it is bad, it is better than nothing. If you don't
like sex, try pizza. Most of the Niftyterm 1.2 documentation is up
to date. It is included with this distribution.
Invoking Napsaterm
You can start Napsaterm with following command line options and
parameters:
napsaterm [-V] [-vt102] [-vt52] [-h19] [-7] [-l file] [-w] [-slow]
[-g geometry] [-80] [-f fontname] [-ic] [-v] [-S screen]
[-d device] [-u unit] [-shared] [-stdio] [-N net]
[-B linespeed] [-p programtitle] [host]
These arguments can be entered in any order and any combination
(except those that override opposite preferences). Their meanings
are as follows:
-V display the current version number and copyright notice.
-vt102
emulate a vt102 terminal (overrides the *.emulation preference)
-vt52 emulate a vt52 terminal (overrides the *.emulation preference)
-h19 emulate a Zenith h19 terminal (overrides the *emulation preference)
-7 strip 8th bit off the character codes
-l <file>
log the the terminal output into specified file
-w wait for a keypress before closing the window
-sl start in slow mode. This mode is useful only watching some vt102
animations.
-g <geometry>
set up the window geometry. The format for geometry is
left/top/width/height. A value of -1 for the width or height makes
the window stretch to the right edge or bottom of the screen. A
value of -1 for the top makes the window's top edge appear just
below the screen title bar. The left and top are in pixels. The
width and height are in characters.
-80 use 80 columns mode.
-f <font>
use specified font
-ic hide the cursor
-S {screen}
Opens the Napsaterm window on the specified public screen.
-d <device>
use specified device. The device may be a normal Exec device name
(eg. serial.device) or one of the following:
* net - use the remote login protocol over TCP/IP (default)
* dnet - use a DNet channel
-u <unit>
use specified device unit number
-shared
open device in shared mode. This option is meaningful only with
serial.device
-p {title}
Draws the program title with given text. The actual title is
concatenated with display size indicator `(width × height)'.
Normal title is the remote host name when using rlogin,
otherwise `Napsaterm'.
-stdio
use DOS IO, read from standard input stream and write to the
standard output stream
-N <net>
use specified DNet network
-B <bps>
use specified line speed (as bits per second)
-p {title}
Draws the program title with given text. The actual title is
concatenated with display size indicator `(width × height)'.
Normal title is the remote host name when using rlogin,
otherwise Napsaterm.
Resources
There is a configuration file for Napsaterm, AmiTCP:db/NapsaPrefs.
Each of its lines contains one resource, that is a name of option
and its value. Here is the example file:
# $Id: napsaterm.doc,v 1.5 1993/11/03 21:23:05 ppessi Exp $
napsaterm.emulation: vt102
napsaterm.linespeed: 19200
napsaterm.geometry: 0/-1/81/24
napsaterm.bell: visual
napsaterm.altismeta: yes
napsaterm.sizegadget: column
napsaterm.device: net
napsaterm.unit: 0
napsaterm.cursor: block
napsaterm.cursorblink: no
napsaterm.normalDelete: yes
napsaterm.normalBackspace: no
napsaterm.emacsmode: no
napsaterm.fixedColumns: no
napsaterm.national: no
napsaterm.basefont: napsa/11
Using Napsaterm without AmiTCP/IP
Napsaterm distributed with AmiTCP/IP is compiled to support only
TCP/IP connections. You may compile it yourself to support AmigaDOS
IO, serial devices or DNet. The TCP/IP connection is selected with
device type "net". See for the appropriate section in the Niftyterm
documentation for other supported device types.
Connecting a Remote Host with Napsaterm
You need AmiTCP/IP up and running first. The napsaterm is given the
name of the remote host as the last argument after options:
10.> run napsaterm argon
The remote login name is retrieved from environment variable USER
or from resource "napsaterm.remotename". (There should be a command
line option to specify the remote login name.) The local user name
(your user name in the Amiga) is retrieved from the environment
variable USER.
The remote login name is retrieved from resource
"napsaterm.remotename" or from environment variable USER. (There
should be a command line option to give the remote login name.)
If you do not have a suitable entry in your .rhosts file, the remote
host prompts for your password at first.
Why My Terminal Type Is Unknown?
The default terminal type of Napsaterm is vt102. While most Unix
systems are familiar with vt102, some do not recognize it. vt102 is
basically a vt100 with a couple additional features. If there is
trouble with vt102 you can try to change your terminal type to
vt100. The resource "napsaterm.remotetype" determines the terminal
type which told to the remote host.
Why to Set the Line Speed?
The nominal terminal speed is set with option -B or resource
"napsaterm.linespeed". The Unix programs and terminal drivers use
the nominal terminal speed to determine the throughput of your
connection. There may be problems if the speed is 300 b/s while you
are using ethernet. Likewise the nominal speed of 38400 b/s over a
2400 b/s slip connection is likely to cause trouble. You can
determine your nominal line speed in the Unix systems with the stty
command.
How to Use National Character Sets and Keyboard Layouts
There are 7 alternative national setting in the National menu of the
Napsaterm. The uppermost menu item, "Multinational/ National"
determines if the ISO 8857-Latin-1 or some national character set is
used. The rest of the menu items specify which keyboard layout and
national character set are in use. The "usa1" keyboard layout is
available with "ASCII" national setting.
The default national setting is determined with resource
"napsaterm.nation". The national mode can be made default by setting
the resource "napsaterm.national" to "yes".
A national ISO 646 character set replaces some codes used for
punctuation characters in the ASCII set. Napsaterm have defined the
following sets (the default keyboard layout name is in parenthesis):
ASCII (usa1) # $ @ [ \ ] ^ ` { | } ~
Danish (dk) # $ @ Æ Ø Å ^ ` æ ø å ~
Finnish (s) # $ @ Ä Ö Å ^ ` ä ö å ~
French (f) # $ à ° ç § ^ ` é ù è ¨
German (d) # $ § Ä Ö Ü ^ ` ä ö ü ß
Norwegian (n) # ¤ É Æ Ø Å Ü é æ ø å ü
Swedish (s) # ¤ É Ä Ö Å Ü é ä ö å ü
UK (gb) £ $ @ [ \ ] ^ ` { | } ~
You can redefine the keyboard layout for the default nation with the
"*.keyboard" resource. If you for instance want to use Dvorak
layout, use "napsaterm.keyboard: usa2".
There is C source for a customized Finnish keyboard layout that I
use usually. It can be compiled with GCC or SAS C.
Other Changes to the Niftyterm 1.2
Left Alt key can be used as a 'Meta' key by setting the
"*.altismeta" resource. If you press a key with left Alt key
Napsaterm sends an Escape code (ASCII 27) before the key's
character. (Niftyterm sets the 8th bit of sent character.)
Switching Delete and Backspace keys are now done before key code
conversion. So, Backspace key (arrow to left) may send a DEL code
(ASCII 127) but Ctrl and H sends still ^H (ASCII 8).
A bug in the clipboard handling is now fixed.
Napsaterm do not free the console window when it is started, you
must start it explicitly with run. Iconify feature is removed (if
you really want it, do recompile from the sources).
NapsaTerm uses normal single character CSI sequence. If you have
trouble with 8-bit characters, you can use two character CSI
sequence (ESC [) by adding following resource line to the napsaprefs
file: "napsaterm.ctrl8bit: no".